Systematic review of group a streptococcal emm types associated with acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis

Abstract

Acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN) is a postinfectious immune-mediated kidney disease associated with group A Streptococcus (GAS). The prevalence of APSGN varies within and between countries and is influenced by socioeconomic, host, and bacterial factors. The disease is more prevalent in developing countries and resource-poor settings of developed countries, such as the Indigenous populations residing in tropical Australia. The M-protein is a universally present GAS surface antigen that is the focus of molecular typing and vaccine research. Early reports suggested that some M-proteins (emm types) are more likely to cause APSGN than others. Here, we present the first systemat..